According to what I have read, Guilloche has always had a machine involved in the process dating back to the 16th century. The first "machines" were crude and used on soft materials like ivory and then progressed with time to the advanced machines we have today that can engrave just about anything within the imagination. Yard of Led does some outstanding Guilloche work on their sterling pens and of course, there are those that will guilloche a pen body and then overlay the design with many coats of urushi.
Either way, I am glad someone invented the machine and the process.
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